Ditemukan, Planet Mirip Bumi Bercuaca Sejuk

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Ditemukan, Planet Mirip Bumi Bercuaca Sejuk

daffaamaradz

30-06-2013 17:49

Ditemukan, Planet Mirip Bumi Bercuaca Sejuk

Spoiler for Anti Repsol:

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Ilustrasi atau gambaran kondisi di permukaan planet Gliese 581 D

Bisakah dihuni manusia kelak?

Astronom menemukan tujuh planet yang memiliki posisi terdekat dengan Sistem Tata Surya. Tiga di antaranya diklaim mampu mendukung kehidupan seperti di Bumi.

Dari ketiga planet tersebut, ada planet yang paling mampu mendukung kehidupan. Diberi nama Gliese 667C, mengorbit di dekat rasi bintang Scorpius, jaraknya sekitar 20 tahun cahaya dari Bumi.

Daily Mail melansir, 30 Juni 2013, para astronom percaya bahwa planet tersebut adalah zona habitat yang layak bagi manusia. Itu terlihat dari orbitnya yang lumayan jauh dari pusat Tata Surya atau matahari, sehingga diperkirakan memiliki suhu sejuk, bahkan sangat dingin, dan diduga mempunyai kandungan air.

Posisi Gliese 667C sangat dekat dengan dua planet lainnya, sehingga ketika malam hari, dua planet lainnya diduga akan tampak seperti bulan purnama.

Sebelumnya, menurut Guillem Anglada Escuda, dari University of Gottingen, Jerman, para ilmuwan tidak mendapat sinyal keberadaan planet Gliese 667C dalam data-data pemantauan.

"Setelah memeriksa kembali data-data tersebut dan melakukan pemantauan baru, hasilnya positif, kami mendeteksi tanda-tanda keberadaan tentang planet itu," kata Escuda.

Escuda menambahkan, planet Gliese 667C memiliki ukuran lebih kecil dari Bumi. Sedangkan, posisi Gliese 667C yang jauh dari pusat tata surya mengakibatkan cahaya di planet itu menjadi redup dan bercuaca dingin.

"Bumi mengelilingi matahari dengan jarak yang dekat sehingga membuat cuacanya panas. Tapi, Gliese 667C tidak mengorbit dekat dengan matahari, cuacanya akan lebih sejuk," tambahnya.

Spoiler for Potentially Habitable Super-Earth Planets of Gliese 667C:

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Artist Impression of Gliese 667C Star System

Credit: ESO/M. KornmesserThis artist’s impression shows the view from the exoplanet Gliese 667Cd looking towards the planet’s parent star (Gliese 667C). Image released on June 25, 2013.
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Gliese 667C: Alien Solar System & Habitable Planets
Credit: ESOThis diagram shows the system of planets around star Gliese 667C. A record-breaking three planets in this system are super-Earths inside the star's habitable zone, where liquid water could exist, making them possible candidates for alien life. This is the first system found with a fully packed habitable zone. Separation of planets not to scale. Image released June 25, 2013.

The Area of Sky Surrounding the Gliese 667 System
Credit: ESOThis picture shows the sky around multiple star Gliese 667. The bright star at the centre is Gliese 667 A and B, the two main components of the system, which cannot be separated in this image.

Three Potentially Habitable Planets Around Gliese 667C
Credit: PHL @ UPR AreciboArtistic representations of the three potentially habitable planets around the star Gliese 667C as compared with Earth. The planets are shown assuming a rocky composition with surfaces mostly covered by water clouds. Image released June 25, 2013.

Current Potentially Habitable Exoplanets
Credit: PHL @ UPR AreciboThe Habitable Exoplanets Catalog now list a dozen object of interest as potentially habitable worlds with the addition of two new planets, Gliese 667C e and f (Gliese 667C c was known since early 2012). Image released June 25, 2013.

Simulated View of the Star Gliese 667C
Credit: PHL @ UPR AreciboSimulated view of the star Gliese 667C from its three orbiting potentially habitable worlds. The Earth image is an unretouched photo of a beach sunset. The size of the star, and the brightness and color of the sky was carefully adjusted in subsequent frames to approximate the same view from each planet. The original photo is from a beach in Puerto Rico. Image released June 25, 2013.

Location of Gliese 667
Credit: PHL @ UPR AreciboGliese 667 is a nearby system of three stars that is easy to locate in the Scorpius constellation. The main two central stars Gliese 667AB are barely visible to the naked eye but easy to spot by binoculars or a small telescope. They are so close together that they appear as a single star. Gliese 667C is far enough from the central stars to be seen as separate star. However, it requires a larger telescope to be seem. Image released June 25, 2013.

Plot of Planets Around Gliese 677C
Credit: PHL @ UPR AreciboOrbits and approximate relative size of the planets around Gliese 667C (orbits and planets are not to scale with each other). All three potentially habitable planets (c, f, and e) orbit within the 'conservative habitable zone.' image released June 25, 2013.

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Perburuan planet

Sementara itu, Rory Barnes, ilmuwan dari University of Washington, AS, mengatakan dari tujuh planet yang ditemukan, manusia harus segera menemukan planet lain mana yang benar-benar layak huni.

"Meskipun ukuran planet Gliese 667C terlalu kecil ketika dilihat dari teleskop, tapi planet itu memiliki gravitasi terhadap planet-planet lainnya," kata Barnes.

Barnes menuturkan, dengan ditemukannya gravitasi itu, maka para astronom dapat menghitung jarak orbit dan massa dari planet Gliese 667C.

Temuan terbaru ini sudah diterbitkan oleh European Southern Observatory di Jurnal Astronomy & Astrophysics.