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Biotech.
Biotechnology, to help create an artificial armor
Yesterday, 09:06
Modern scientific developments can surprise anyone. Sometimes it seems that they just do not give rest to the glory of science fiction writers, so they try to come up with something out of the ordinary.
Biotechnology, which help to create various types of protective materials - this is the case. Peeping over the very nature and adopting her best, scientists are trying to create new models of bulletproof protection.
One of the latest news in this area is the deep sea dweller - hagfish. On the form rather unpleasant animal, which can be easily represented in the nightmares, though can be found in the ocean creatures and terrifying. Also, this animal is known as the "slimy eel." This name is associated with the fact that myxine generate huge amount of mucus on the body surface. It was found that the DNA of this living fossil may be the key to sustainable development of biodegradable plastic or light, protects against bullets clothing.
Hagfish has a skull but no vertebrae and spinal cord. For this reason, scientists are still not entirely sure of its classification - it refers to vertebrates or chordates. It should be noted that this type exists on our planet for nearly 300 million years and during that time has not changed significantly, this relic. The great thing is that in case of danger hagfish able to produce a very strong thread of mucus, which thinner than a human hair is 100 times. With the help of these filaments, which can be compared with Kevlar and nylon, hagfish are able to escape from predators.
These fibers largely possess the same properties as the known spider silk, but at the genetic level are substantially easier. It is for this reason bioengineers today embedded in the DNA of the hagfish favorite of E. coli - in order to do the synthesis of threads without using the animal. The author of the idea of Russell Bow was not the first, who came up with such an idea. Earlier in the scientific journal Nature Communications, another scientist said about making the most of the strands of mucus hagfish. However, bow first made a proposal to build the sequence of the genome of the hagfish well studied by scientists gene of Escherichia coli.
Currently, the bacteria can synthesize the two individual components of mucus, whereas the bow and his associates working in order to add these components together inside a cell or outside of it. Russell Bow hopes that a breakthrough in this field of research to happen in the near future. After that it will be possible to consider the scale of the process and mass production. Since the gene is incredibly simple, it can be replicated in bacteria 100 times, after which the possibilities of this method can be truly limitless.
Dutch researchers previously presented to the public at least unusual project they carried out successful tests bulletproof skin. In developing this material, used material which was synthesized from the milk of domestic goats specially bred breed. Strength of the material causes the presence in its composition of the same protein, which is part of the web known silkworms. According to scientists, a spider web can be implanted even in human skin.
The supervisor in this area Essaidi Jalil said that the development of new body armor of a material - is only the first possible step. Modern science makes it possible to replace the keratin, which is responsible for the stiffness of the skin on the protein, which is found in silk. To do this, you must add the genes responsible for the production of silk in the human genome. As a result, you can really get a bullet-proof body. Implement this in my life very difficult, but if it would still be able to carry out, the bullets will get bogged down in such a body, as flies that hit the web.
In fact, the skin will be established, strong as steel and bulletproof, as body armor: a truly unique product of modern biotechnology. Scientists have managed to combine the web and artificial skin. But scientists do not want to stop there, their goal - to implant the new stuff for people to volunteer.
Thus, Spiderman ceases to be a fantastic hero of numerous comic books and gaining momentum. In the Netherlands, in the laboratory was able to combine the human skin and spider thread. Created stuff is really in a position to give the man some superhuman abilities, for example, he is able to reflect the bullets of 5.56mm.
During the tests, the lead stuck in the ballistic gel, but a piece of artificial skin, which has been reinforced with cobwebs, remained intact. For the sake of this point of tests that could be considered only when decelerating bullet shooting, scientists from around the world have worked for about a year. In this case, initially bulletproof skin conceived by them as an art project, not a full-fledged scientific development. "The Web can be used for the production of body armor, I thought, for which a limit? Why not try to implant itself in the web of human skin? What would happen if the genes of spiders have become part of the human genome and the people would gain some bulletproof? "- These issues interested chairwoman project Jalil Essaidi.
Currently experiments with the human genome is prohibited in a world science, for this reason, the material was synthesized in the laboratory. In this case, artificial skin, scientists learned how to grow for a long time. But to get enough of the need for strong web was not so easy. Came to the aid of the Dutch genetics from the United States: University of Utah scientists have been able to add a spider genes into the DNA of ordinary goats, resulting in a web of failed release of her milk. The same technology has been applied in the future and to the silkworm. It only remains to choose the right machine that would link the web of bulletproof fiber.
In order to get a small piece of tissue needed, it took 6 months of continuous work, the use of special textile machinery and genetically modified insects. Never in the world was not created anything like this. The resulting web of connected in the same manner as a scarf or a shirt. In this case, the resulting material was 5 times stronger than steel and its quality was superior to Kevlar, which is currently widely used for the manufacture of body armor of a different class.
The next stage of research in this area seems to transplant a piece of bulletproof skin a living person. Benefit of volunteers, despite the ethical dubiousness of this discovery, there was a large amount. Director of the Museum of biotechnology in Antwerp Geert Verbeke, volunteered and pointed out that admires this project and agree to transplant themselves into the hands of a small area of artificial leather. However, he noted that it is no longer a medical experiment, and the desire to always be in possession of a work of art.
It is also surprising that the masterpiece of biotechnology is not yet interested in the military. Perhaps for the reason that body armor has an elementary cheaper than the "people-spiders" out of the tube. Professor of Medicine at the University of Leiden Center Abdul el Galbzuria notes that from the point of view of science is much more important and interesting to find out how skin cells can get along with cobwebs. This is necessary to ensure that mankind has been able to learn a skin transplant to victims of serious burns or apply strong threads in surgery for sutures. The author of this project recognizes that the main goal - not to develop a universal soldier, and to attract people's attention to the fact that they are able to modern technology. Also planned to revive the old debate about the relationship of science and ethics.
Sources of information:
http://gearmix.ru/archives/14399
http://news.mail.ru/society/6644085
http://www.engindoc.com/2010-04-05-0...-12-29-00.html
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FYI.
Yesterday, 09:06
Modern scientific developments can surprise anyone. Sometimes it seems that they just do not give rest to the glory of science fiction writers, so they try to come up with something out of the ordinary.
Biotechnology, which help to create various types of protective materials - this is the case. Peeping over the very nature and adopting her best, scientists are trying to create new models of bulletproof protection.
One of the latest news in this area is the deep sea dweller - hagfish. On the form rather unpleasant animal, which can be easily represented in the nightmares, though can be found in the ocean creatures and terrifying. Also, this animal is known as the "slimy eel." This name is associated with the fact that myxine generate huge amount of mucus on the body surface. It was found that the DNA of this living fossil may be the key to sustainable development of biodegradable plastic or light, protects against bullets clothing.
Hagfish has a skull but no vertebrae and spinal cord. For this reason, scientists are still not entirely sure of its classification - it refers to vertebrates or chordates. It should be noted that this type exists on our planet for nearly 300 million years and during that time has not changed significantly, this relic. The great thing is that in case of danger hagfish able to produce a very strong thread of mucus, which thinner than a human hair is 100 times. With the help of these filaments, which can be compared with Kevlar and nylon, hagfish are able to escape from predators.
These fibers largely possess the same properties as the known spider silk, but at the genetic level are substantially easier. It is for this reason bioengineers today embedded in the DNA of the hagfish favorite of E. coli - in order to do the synthesis of threads without using the animal. The author of the idea of Russell Bow was not the first, who came up with such an idea. Earlier in the scientific journal Nature Communications, another scientist said about making the most of the strands of mucus hagfish. However, bow first made a proposal to build the sequence of the genome of the hagfish well studied by scientists gene of Escherichia coli.
Currently, the bacteria can synthesize the two individual components of mucus, whereas the bow and his associates working in order to add these components together inside a cell or outside of it. Russell Bow hopes that a breakthrough in this field of research to happen in the near future. After that it will be possible to consider the scale of the process and mass production. Since the gene is incredibly simple, it can be replicated in bacteria 100 times, after which the possibilities of this method can be truly limitless.
Dutch researchers previously presented to the public at least unusual project they carried out successful tests bulletproof skin. In developing this material, used material which was synthesized from the milk of domestic goats specially bred breed. Strength of the material causes the presence in its composition of the same protein, which is part of the web known silkworms. According to scientists, a spider web can be implanted even in human skin.
The supervisor in this area Essaidi Jalil said that the development of new body armor of a material - is only the first possible step. Modern science makes it possible to replace the keratin, which is responsible for the stiffness of the skin on the protein, which is found in silk. To do this, you must add the genes responsible for the production of silk in the human genome. As a result, you can really get a bullet-proof body. Implement this in my life very difficult, but if it would still be able to carry out, the bullets will get bogged down in such a body, as flies that hit the web.
In fact, the skin will be established, strong as steel and bulletproof, as body armor: a truly unique product of modern biotechnology. Scientists have managed to combine the web and artificial skin. But scientists do not want to stop there, their goal - to implant the new stuff for people to volunteer.
Thus, Spiderman ceases to be a fantastic hero of numerous comic books and gaining momentum. In the Netherlands, in the laboratory was able to combine the human skin and spider thread. Created stuff is really in a position to give the man some superhuman abilities, for example, he is able to reflect the bullets of 5.56mm.
During the tests, the lead stuck in the ballistic gel, but a piece of artificial skin, which has been reinforced with cobwebs, remained intact. For the sake of this point of tests that could be considered only when decelerating bullet shooting, scientists from around the world have worked for about a year. In this case, initially bulletproof skin conceived by them as an art project, not a full-fledged scientific development. "The Web can be used for the production of body armor, I thought, for which a limit? Why not try to implant itself in the web of human skin? What would happen if the genes of spiders have become part of the human genome and the people would gain some bulletproof? "- These issues interested chairwoman project Jalil Essaidi.
Currently experiments with the human genome is prohibited in a world science, for this reason, the material was synthesized in the laboratory. In this case, artificial skin, scientists learned how to grow for a long time. But to get enough of the need for strong web was not so easy. Came to the aid of the Dutch genetics from the United States: University of Utah scientists have been able to add a spider genes into the DNA of ordinary goats, resulting in a web of failed release of her milk. The same technology has been applied in the future and to the silkworm. It only remains to choose the right machine that would link the web of bulletproof fiber.
In order to get a small piece of tissue needed, it took 6 months of continuous work, the use of special textile machinery and genetically modified insects. Never in the world was not created anything like this. The resulting web of connected in the same manner as a scarf or a shirt. In this case, the resulting material was 5 times stronger than steel and its quality was superior to Kevlar, which is currently widely used for the manufacture of body armor of a different class.
The next stage of research in this area seems to transplant a piece of bulletproof skin a living person. Benefit of volunteers, despite the ethical dubiousness of this discovery, there was a large amount. Director of the Museum of biotechnology in Antwerp Geert Verbeke, volunteered and pointed out that admires this project and agree to transplant themselves into the hands of a small area of artificial leather. However, he noted that it is no longer a medical experiment, and the desire to always be in possession of a work of art.
It is also surprising that the masterpiece of biotechnology is not yet interested in the military. Perhaps for the reason that body armor has an elementary cheaper than the "people-spiders" out of the tube. Professor of Medicine at the University of Leiden Center Abdul el Galbzuria notes that from the point of view of science is much more important and interesting to find out how skin cells can get along with cobwebs. This is necessary to ensure that mankind has been able to learn a skin transplant to victims of serious burns or apply strong threads in surgery for sutures. The author of this project recognizes that the main goal - not to develop a universal soldier, and to attract people's attention to the fact that they are able to modern technology. Also planned to revive the old debate about the relationship of science and ethics.
Sources of information:
http://gearmix.ru/archives/14399
http://news.mail.ru/society/6644085
http://www.engindoc.com/2010-04-05-0...-12-29-00.html
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