Libya: from war to war
July 25, 2014 Print



A little more than three years ago in Libya in the wake of the infamous "Arab Spring", plunging the region of North Africa and the Middle East into chaos, violence and instability, civil unrest began. Unlike neighboring states they turned bloody fratricidal war that killed, according to various estimates, from 30 thousand to 50 thousand people. About what is happening in Libya today, says the material ITAR-TASS correspondent in Cairo Dmitry Tarasov.

Brutal massacre October 20, 2011 over the rights for four decades Muammar Gaddafi did not stop the bloodshed. In a country that is a member of OPEC, began the spheres of influence between the former rebels. At the same time oriented toward the West and resides in a luxurious room of the Tripoli hotel representatives of the central authorities was placed last.

Strong statements of pro-Western politicians about building a democratic, united and freedom-loving "state for all" fell on deaf ears among dozens operating in the country armed groups, establishing control and order.

Hundreds of large and small groups of rebels who during the Civil War were growing like mushrooms after rain, gaining the upper hand only because of the military machine of NATO, were left to themselves and began to impose their authority on the territories under their control.
In the hands of ex-revolutionaries, among whom were many radical Islamists were arsenals. Occur almost daily armed clashes fought against Gaddafi side by side, and now opposing and trying to divide the spheres of influence of groups. Abductions, killings, attacks, shootings warring factions have become common practice in the "liberated" Libya.

"Fuel to the fire" until recently added and acute political crisis. Deputies selected Libyans nearly two years ago of the Universal National Congress (interim parliament), torn by disagreements between the largest faction "National Alliance forces" and associated with the local "Muslim Brotherhood" the Party of Justice and construction, have been unable to agree on the conclusion of the transition period in the country .

MANDATE parliamentarians formally expired in early February, but due to the delay in the election of a constitutional commission in December 2013 it was extended for one year by the legislators who also adjust the timing of the "road map" designed to bring the country to stability. Under the old schedule they had to finalize the constitution, hold a referendum on it and set a date for parliamentary elections by February.

Delays in the completion of the transition period sparked massive protests across the country. The first bell looming "rebellion" and rang at the same time - in February, when about themselves unequivocally said retired Gen. Khalifa Haftorah, speaking for the suspension of the work of the General National Congress (INC) and the transfer of power to an early election formed a presidential sovetu.16 May Haftorah announced the beginning Benghazi (1,000 km east of Tripoli), a large-scale military operation "Dignity Libya", aimed at the elimination of radical Islamist groups. Obey him militias clashed with extremists terrorizing the local population, including the Salafi group "Ansar al-Sharia" ("Supporters of Sharia") and "Brigade 17".



During the fighting, during which haftarovtsami used combat aircraft, has already killed over a hundred people. Then the General said that obey him the Libyan National Army, "the beginning of the battle and will continue it until the full achievement of the objectives", and the parliament is no longer legitimate, because it could not ensure the safety of the country.

Meanwhile in Tripoli without much enthusiasm took the initiative Haftorah to restore order. She did not like the very fellow Islamists representatives of the central authorities, especially the Speaker BHK Nouri Abu Sahmeynu. He called such actions attempted coup, promising to prosecute everyone who is behind this.

Haftorah himself claims that his goal is not to seize power. "We have responded to the call of the people to protect them from terrorists," - he said. "Independent" of the retired general has found a broad response in the ranks of both regular law enforcement agencies, as well as semi-official armed units of ex-revolutionaries.

On transition to the side of the Haftorah said Air Force officers and air defenses, including an airbase in Tobruk, army commandos "As-SAIC" of Benghazi, the capital management of national security, as well as zintanskie brigade "Al kaak" and "Savaik" militia of the eastern region of Cyrenaica .
Began in Benghazi fighting against Islamic radicals in a few days spread to the capital itself. After clashes in mid-May at the parliament building support Haftorah military circles announced the suspension of the INC and the transfer of "limited powers" so-called Council of 60 (the members of the Constituent Assembly). This body, elected by popular vote in February, should undertake the development of a new fundamental law of the country and oversee the preparation of the presidential and parliamentary elections.

Supporters Haftorah also expressed support for the interim government led by interim Prime Minister of Defence Abdullah Abdurrahman al-Thani, and refused to recognize the designated May 5 Universal National Congress prime minister without the required quorum of 120 votes out of Misrata businessman Ahmed Maytyga associated with the "Muslim Brotherhood" .

BHK that "brothers" and other members of a radical Islamist factions actively support, refused to abide by the decision of the "military junta" and continued the meeting, after moving from his defeated headquarters in one of the luxurious hotels Tripoli.
As a result, in the night of May 22 Haftarah made a new statement demanding that the chairman of the Supreme Judicial Council to establish a civil administration (Presidential Council), which will take over the reins of the country and will be engaged in the organization of general elections scheduled for 25 June.

But Congress ignored the position Haftorah, in Tripoli on help Abu Sahmeynu entered armed units from Misrata - force "Central shield." This is one of the largest and well-equipped forces of former rebels from Misrata (200 km east of Tripoli).

IN LIBYA almost a month set a diarchy. In parallel, there are two governments - Maytyga and does not recognize his al-Thani, who appealed to the Supreme Constitutional Court. As a result, on June 9 Themis ruled the "unconstitutionality" Maytyga.

It is noteworthy that, in spite of mutual rejection, all parties, including BHK, submitted to the court, and al-Thani was the Acting Prime Minister.
Many regional observers compare what is happening in Libya to the events in Egypt a year ago, when the military under the leadership of then-Defense Minister Abdel Fattah al-Sisi overthrew the "Muslim Brotherhood" and the ouster of President Mohammed Mursi protege.

Some analysts indicate that the "brothers", as well as in neighboring countries, taking advantage of a popular uprising, and under the patronage of a wealthy ally (Qatar) tried to usurp power. They captured a leading position in the Congress and government structures, tend to subdue the law enforcement agencies.

In these difficult circumstances, and the election held on 25 June in the Universal National Congress - they have been at a record low turnout: on land came less than a third of voters. According to the electoral commission, no serious violations in the country during the vote recorded yet was not. Libyans chose 200 members (including 32 women) of the new parliament of 1,714 candidates. Date of final results was scheduled for Sunday - 20 July.



July 20 in Libya election results were announced in Parliament - The Universal National Congress. But calm the country to no avail. In Tripoli and Benghazi continuing armed clashes between rival political factions. About what is happening in Libya today, says the material ITAR-TASS correspondent in Cairo Dmitry Tarasov.

"Muslim Brotherhood", having a leading position in the parliament of the former convocation, turned Libya into a haven for various kinds of extremist groups in the ranks of which can be found, and the supporters of "al-Qaeda". Were dispersed by armed groups and Islamists, in fact - they were put on gosdovolstvie.

It turned out something like "Al-Qaeda in the service of the sovereign", taking intimidation and terrorizing the local population and the politicians who do not agree to the emergence in Libya militarized "Islamic emirate."

It is against this outrage, as he himself says, and raised the Libyan "intifada" (popular uprising) retired former general Haftorah.
- Who is our main goal - to destroy all the extremists and terrorists - he said not so long ago in an interview with the Egyptian newspaper "Al-Watan". - We do not want to have someone from the "brothers" were on Libyan soil. We are not going to give up until I finally deal with them, with the "Al Qaeda" ...

Haftorah not rule out the possibility of his nomination for the presidency, "if requested by the people." But the main task of the general, he said, "to return the security and stability of the people with the help of the faithful sons of the nation, to cleanse the country from terrorism and extremists and restore the dignity of Libya, which she lost because of these takfiristov." "Secondly, - he added - I have no desire to run for president, but if they want the Libyans, then I will go to the polls. After all, it is the will of the people, and in the end it is people who decide who governs them. "
After such statements, many experts began to draw parallels with the taking place in neighboring Egypt events when al-Sisi, deposed Islamists later, "responded to the will of the people" and was the winner of the presidential election.

It is noteworthy that already lost its influence in Egypt, Qatar, traditionally supporting "Muslim Brotherhood", spoke about the "duty of the Libyans to prevent attacks on the legitimacy and democratic processes in the country." In one of the statements of the representatives of the Qatari Foreign Ministry warned that what is happening in Libya "threatens to undermine the transition to democracy that meets the aspirations of the people." All have heard it a year ago in Egypt, when the "Muslim Brotherhood" were trying to stay on the imperious Olympus.

However, in the camp do not see the Haftorah of the opponents' true patriots and sons of the homeland ", which can be negotiated. There also do not believe that Libya could break out a full-scale civil war, as haftarovtsy not intend to fight against his own people, and with "outsiders extremists - Egyptians, Afghans, Tunisians ..."


WHO IS today confronts radical Islamists? It is above all - the regular army. In her few units are former members of Gaddafi era who fought on both the leader Jamahiriya, and against him. After the fall of the former regime began restructuring the army and retraining of personnel. Military commanders have repeatedly accused the leadership of the General National Congress for redirecting funds targeting the regular forces, Islamist armed groups.

Constitute the backbone of the army brigade "Al-SAIC" - Special Forces stationed in Benghazi, with about three thousand men. He is considered one of the most trained and combat-ready units of the regular army from the army, had split from Gaddafi's troops.

Secondly, it zintanskie "brigade." The most combat-ready troops "Al kaak" and "Savaik" commanders who are ardent opponents of the Islamists. Well armed and trained, have artillery and armored cars, based in the mountain range of Jebel Nafusa, located 140 km southwest of Tripoli. The Ministry of Defence is believed to be actually controlled by the leaders of Zintan.

After completion of the "February 17 revolution" zintantsy took in several districts of Tripoli, took control of the capital's international airport. Unlike many other militia zintantsy wear an army uniform, making them virtually indistinguishable from regular troops. In November 2011, they captured and still being held in the town of Zintan Seif al-Islam, one of Gaddafi's sons, refusing to transmit it to the central authorities in Tripoli.

Among the opponents of extremists - armed troops of the eastern region of the country - Cyrenaica, whose leaders advocate for the federalization of the country. They are concentrated in the vicinity of Sirte and Tobruk. In Cyrenaica, by the way, are 60 per cent of Libya's oil reserves. Since the summer of last year, the eastern "federalists" hold several large marine oil terminals.

Interesting personalities of the Khalifa Belkasima Haftorah (his name sometimes spelled Hifter or Hefter). At the age of twenty in 1969, he, along with Gaddafi in a group of "Free Officers" overthrew King Idris, was regarded as a staunch ally of the leader of the Jamahiriya, which for the dedication Haftorah appointed Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces. Member of the Arab-Israeli war of 1973, one of the first armored tank crossed with the Egyptian army of the Suez Canal.

Later commanded the troops in the Libyan armed conflict with Chad, in 1987, was captured along with three hundred soldiers. Gaddafi, who denied the presence of its troops in Chad, renounced the general, and it is a betrayal turned Haftorah in ardent opponent of the Libyan regime.
In 1988, coming out of the Chadian prison, General joined the National Front for the Salvation of Libya, which united foreign opposition, and became a founding member of the armed wing of the front - the Libyan National Army. Moved to the United States in the 1990s, where settled in Virginia and spent about 20 years.

According to some reports, at the time the Haftarah established links with CIA. In March 2011, he returned to Benghazi, taking over command of the headquarters of the rebel ground forces. The current rate is general in El Abyar - 70 km south-west of Benghazi.

Considerable forces and supporters of a "Muslim Brotherhood." First of all, it is "the operational headquarters of the Libyan revolutionaries', formed in 2013 and turned into the headquarters of the so-called Tripoli Shield - proislamistskih Alliance forces in the parliament. In October, gunmen "headquarters" for a while held as a hostage the then Prime Minister of Libya, Ali Zeidan, accusing his government of involvement in the abduction of American special forces one of the alleged leaders of the "al-Qaeda," Abu Anas al-Liby.

Misuratskaya team represents the forces of so-called Central shield. Misurattsy played an important role in the overthrow of the Gaddafi regime, creating a halo around the "persistent martyrs" during which lasted about six months of confrontation with the government troops besieging their hometown. Have at their disposal the heavy weapons, including tanks and mobile units to launch rockets.

Misurattsy were previously part of the "Tripoli shield", but were driven out of the capital after the execution of its fighters demonstrators in November last year. In the ranks of their commanders observed split. Some warlords support Islamists in the parliament, while others say they do not speak for any of the parties to the conflict.

Another "player" in Libya - Salafist group "Ansar al-Sharia" ("Supporters of Sharia") associated with "al-Qaeda" and entrenched, mainly in the area of ​​Benghazi and Sods (east of the country). Its leaders believe that the Haftarah "declared war on Sharia and Islam" and aim at the establishment of the "Islamic Emirate" that goes beyond the borders of Libya toward Egypt, Algeria and Tunisia. According to reports, actively coordinate with the "Muslim Brotherhood."

United States authorities have militants of this group in the list of terrorist organizations. They are accused of involvement in committed in Benghazi September 11, 2012 attack on the diplomatic mission of the United States, which killed the American ambassador Christopher Stevens.

In the ranks of the radicals - and the militants' Brigade 319 ", which they refer to as" martyrs battalion on February 17. " This grouping of Benghazi, which is dominated by "the Muslim Brotherhood."

So the decisive round of struggle for the future of Libya, according to most experts, is yet to come.

http://www.redstar.ru/index.php/comp...-vojny-k-vojne
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Berkat KAA 1 di Bandung tahun 1955, telah me-inspirasi banyak para pemimpin di benua Afrika, yg berjuang untuk memerdekakan diri dari penjajahan.
Beberapa negara baru di Afrika muncul dan di akui secara International.

Khusus untuk Libya, sebagai negara berdaulat juga tidak terlepas dari ATHG baik yg bersifat masalah internal maupun International.
Namun sangat di sayangkan dalam masalah Internal Libya yg terjadi pada akhir-akhir ini, telah di campuri pihak - pihak asing dengan argumen diplomatik dan legitimasi International bahwa keterlibatan mereka adalah sah.
Dengan melakukan serangkaian tindakan "brutal" terhadap kedaulatan negara Libya yg mengakibatkan kondisi Libya saat ini sangat memprihatinkan, dimana rakyat Libya tidak dapat lagi menikmati kondisi aman, damai dan sejahtera.

Demikian juga yg terjadi di Tunisia, Mesir dan mungkin juga akan terjadi di beberapa negara Afrika yang lain di masa yg akan datang.

Dan anehnya, pihak asing selalu "cuci-tangan", begitu kondisi umum di Libya sekarang menjadi tidak kondusip, dengan mengeluarkan komentar bahwa hal itu adalah masalah internal Libya.

Serupa dengan apa yg terjadi di Irak, dengan dalih diantaranya, bahwa apapun yg terjadi karena tentara Irak tidak terlatih, moralnya turun dsb-nya.
Jadi walau dibantu dengan senjata modren akan sia-sia belaka.

Mengapa pihak asing itu tidak mempunyai prinsip, agar masalah internal yg terjadi di suatu negara yg berdaulat, agar dapat di selesaikan dengan sebaik-baiknya tanpa campur tangan asing, dan kalaupun negara tersebut ingin bantuan asing, mengapa tidak lewat jalan diplomasi, seperti Indonesia yg aktiev pada beberapa konflik di beberapa negara dengan mengirim pasukan perdamaian di bawah mandat PBB.

Semoga hal - hal yg telah terjadi di Libya dan beberapa negara lain di bagian dunia ini, tidak terjadi di Republik Indonesia.

Ada sangsi baru dari EU dan USA, yg mencanangkan sangsi baru bagi Russia, dalam masalah penjualan peralatan miiiter produk Russia, dimana Indonesia adalah salah satu pemakai peralatan tersebut.

Mungkin sebagian negara memang ahlinya, untuk selalu menjadikan apapun sebagai alat / alasan agar Russia ini "mati".
Karena Russia di anggap sebagai 'Klilip" bagi kepentingan mereka, yang berusaha untuk menjadi "Superior" di atas muka bumi ini.