EL/M-2080 Green Pine/super green pine

The EL/M-2080 Green Pine (Hebrew: אורן ירוק‎, pronounced [oʁen jaʁok]) is an Israeli ground-based missile-defense radar produced by Elta, a subsidiary of Israel Aerospace Industries, to operate mainly with the Arrow theater missile defense system of Israel, which is jointly funded and produced with the United States. Green Pine was exported to India, and its advanced version, the Super Green Pine, is also to be delivered to South Korea at a cost of $83 million apiece, and to Azerbaijan. The Israeli Air Defense Command within the Israeli Air Force (IAF) of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) operates both Green Pine radars and Super Green Pine radars as an integral part of the Arrow system

In contrast to the older AN/MPQ-53 Passive Electronically Scanned Array (PESA) radar set of the MIM-104 Patriot PAC-2, the Green Pine is an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) solid state radar. Unlike the advanced AN/TPY-2 X band radar of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense system, Green Pine operates at L band - in the range 500 MHz to 1,000 MHz,[6][22] or 1,000 MHz to 2,000 MHz.[10]

Green Pine reportedly operates in search, detection, tracking, and missile guidance modes simultaneously,[6][10] capable of detecting targets at ranges of up to about 500 km (310 mi), and is able to track more than 30 targets at speeds over 3,000 m/s (10,000 ft/s).[6][23] It discriminates targets from natural clutter and countermeasures,[24] illuminates the true target and guides the missile to within 4 m (13 ft) of the target.[6][25]

The effective radiated power (ERP) of the Green Pine also makes it a possible candidate for conversion into a directed-energy weapon, by focusing pulses of radar energy on target missiles.[1] The energy spikes are tailored to enter missiles through antennas or sensor apertures where they can fool guidance systems, scramble computer memories or even burn out sensitive electronic components.[1]

The radar system includes a 9 m (30 ft) wide by 3 m (9.8 ft) high[10] trailer-mounted rotatable antenna array, a power system, a cooling system and a radar control center.[6][22] The power system has both no-break and transformer containers, with the former including a diesel generator, an inductive clutch control module and a diesel fuel tank.[10] The transformer container houses transformers, a service generator, a direct current converter and switching racks.[10] The radar's cooling system is a heat exchanger that makes use of inherently redundant cascade cooling machines and incorporates an integral coolant tank and control panels.[10] The radar is made up of 2,000–2,300 transmit–receive modules and weighs 60 tonnes (130,000 lb).[26][27] The system is transportable rather than mobile, as it can be moved to other prepared sites, but cannot be set up just anywhere.[26] According to its developer, Green Pine's deployment at a new operational site takes "less than 24 hours".[9]
Super Green Pine
Super Green Pine radar antenna.
Super Green Pine radar antenna.

An advanced version of the radar, called Super Green Pine,[28] Green Pine Block-B,[29] or Great Pine (Hebrew: אורן אדיר‎, pronounced [oʁen adiʁ]), is to take the place of the original Green Pine. It is composed of more powerful but smaller transmit–receive modules with better capabilities than those of the Green Pine,[23][30] and is believed to produce double the power output,[1] extending detection range to about 800–900 km (500–560 mi).[29][31] In October 2010 the IDF decided to put another Arrow 2 battery into operational use.[32] The new battery will receive the new radar - "Super Green Pine".[33] An even more advanced upgrade of the Super Green Pine is under development.[
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