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AWACS technology & History
AWACS Aviation
The most common flying radars - AWACs
Today, 07:41
On March 12, NATO has sent to the borders of Ukraine 2 Fire AWACs - airborne early warning and control aircraft that were E-3A Sentry. E-3A cruising in the airspace of Romania and Poland, mainly in collecting information on the situation in Crimea. In total, the Alliance has in Europe 18 aircraft type E-3A Sentry, which are based on the German air base in Geilenkirchen registration under Luxembourg.
In Russia, such aircraft are called airplanes Airborne Warning and Control (AWACS), but overseas accepted their designation. There are usually called AWACS - Airborne EarlyWarning and Control System (airborne warning and control system) or AEW & C - Airborne Early Warning and Control (airborne early warning and control). Currently, 23 countries in the world have aircraft of this class, including Russia, USA, France, Great Britain, India, Israel, Thailand, Greece and others around the world has more than 230 aircraft in its class.
Most often AWACS aircraft are designed to collect information on air purposes but can also be used for detection of ground targets. Their main advantage is the high power installed on board radar equipment. With the help of such planes can obtain current information on all enemy aircraft without entering the zone of action of its air defense systems. Modern AWACS aircraft can detect and track airborne targets at a distance of up to 650 km, the number of such goals can reach hundreds of units. With these aircraft easy to coordinate actions of the Air Force and to provide timely information to his troops on the enemy.
Jobs AWACS aircraft operators A-50U
Today, only one AWACS plane, located at an altitude of 9000 meters, able to monitor an area of up to 312,000 sq km. For example, three U.S. aircraft E-3C is able to provide constant monitoring of all radar airspace over central Europe, with the detection zone of the aircraft will be mutually intersect. Using AWACS aircraft makes allied fighters less visible to the enemy, because they almost do not need to include your own onboard radar.
At the same time a very high efficiency of such aircraft makes them a priority target for enemy fighters. For this reason, these planes rarely fly without fighter cover or outside the allied air defense system. Such planes are very vulnerable to fighters, as performed on the basis of bulky airliners and military transport aircraft, which are not highly maneuverable and unable to effectively evade the missiles. Besides AWACS plane - is a powerful source of radio frequency radiation, wherein the huge size, so that such aircraft can be easily detected by enemy air defense radars. Below are the 5 most popular AWACS aircraft in the world at any given time.
E-2 Hawkeye
One of the oldest aircraft in this class in the world and one of the few machines that originally developed as AWACS aircraft. The aircraft was adopted by the U.S. Navy in 1964. Currently, the most common type in the world "flying radar." In all there were about 200 aircraft of this type. Aircraft Exported to 7 countries and managed to take part in a number of armed conflicts. Currently, aircraft are in service E-2C/D/K/T five countries - the U.S., France, Egypt, Taiwan and Japan. As part of their Navy and Air Force listed 92 such aircraft.
The most common version is the world's E-2C. The aircraft is able to reach a speed of 598 km / h When wingspan of 24.6 m, length - 17.5 m and height - 5.6 m equals its combat radius of 320 km. The aircraft can patrol the airspace for 4 hours. The plane's crew consists of five people: two pilots and three AWACS operator. His main weapon is a rotating antenna pulse-Doppler radar, which is mounted in the fairing, located over the rear part of the fuselage. Throughout the life of the aircraft continuously upgraded, allowing it to remain popular even 50 years after adopting.
Passive detection system installed on E-2C, warns the crew of enemy radar irradiation at a distance of 2 times superior range of radar E-2C. Aircraft able to detect air targets such as "plane" at a distance of up to 540 km, and cruise missiles at ranges of up to 248 km. First foreign customer aircraft became Israel. According to Soviet military specialists who took part in the fighting in 1982 on the side of Syria, namely the use of purchased in 1978 AWACS E-2C determined the success of the Israeli Air Force in the conflict.
At the moment is working on an improved version of the aircraft E-2D. U.S. Navy expect to take the plane into service in 2015, only the Pentagon expects to acquire 75 of these aircraft. All of them will receive the new APY-9 radar with active phased array antenna, as well as "glass" cockpit, integrated satellite communications, etc. Currently, several military aircraft have already been transferred, they undergo a series of benchmark tests.
E-3 Sentry
E-3 Sentry - is the real face of "flying radar." The aircraft, which will learn in many countries. Speaking about the AWACS, often represent this particular machine. Boeing has started working on this plane in the first half of the 1970s. The airplane was designed based on the existing cargo aircraft Boeing 707-320. Its first flight E-3 made in 1976, and the following year the car was adopted by the U.S. Air Force. As the prevalence of aircraft E-3 Sentry second only to its predecessor - E-2 Hawkeye. Total from 1977 to 1992 was released 68 of these types of aircraft. Their main operators are the U.S. Air Force (31 aircraft), European Command, NATO (18 aircraft), United Kingdom (7 aircraft), Saudi Arabia (5 aircraft), France (4 aircraft). As part of the UK Royal Air Force aircraft received a new designation - AEW.1. The same type of aircraft can be attributed Japanese E-767 AEW & C, which have been developed on the basis of the passenger liner B767, but with the use of radar equipment Sentry. Total armed self-defense forces of Japan is currently four such aircraft.
The most common flying radars - AWACs
E-3 Sentry is currently one of NATO AWACS aircraft. Basis set is very powerful AWACS radar Omnidirection. The antenna radome is placed at the top of the fuselage on two supports at a height of 4.2 m above it. Radome diameter 9.1 m, thickness - 1.8 m With this aircraft radar is able to detect targets over the horizon at a distance of 650 km, a bomber-type target - at a range of up to 520 km, small-sized low-flying targets at ranges up to 400 km. The plane's crew consists of 4 flight and 13-19 AWACS operators.
Wingspan machines - 44.42 m Length - 46.61 m, height - 12.73 m Aircraft E-3 Sentry is able to reach a speed of 853 km / h, and its combat radius is 1,600 km. When this plane is able to alert to 6 hours (without refueling). The latest upgrade of aircraft in service with the U.S. Air Force, was produced in 2009.
A-50
A-50 is a Soviet response to the American AWACS. AWACS aircraft A-50 was designed Taganrog Aviation Scientific-Technical Complex. Beriev. Development of the aircraft was in the mid-1970s. Russian "flying radar" is based on a common military transport aircraft Il-76MD. He first flew in 1978, and in 1989, the aircraft entered service. Total produced about 40 units. Currently 29 aircraft are in service A-50M/A-50U/A-50IE BBC Russia and India. In service with the Russian Air Force aircraft is 23 A and 3-50M aircraft A-50U, 3 more aircraft A-50IE serving in the Indian Air Force. The Indian version of the aircraft is based on radar Israeli company Elta.
AWACS aircraft A-50 with a wingspan of 50.5 meters, the length of 48.3 m and a height of 14.8 m in a position to operate at speeds up to 800 km / h Maximum flight duration 9:00, during patrol at a distance of 1000 km flight duration is 4:00. The plane was equipped with a pulse-Doppler radars installed in the fairing round shape of the fuselage of the aircraft. Aircraft able to detect targets such as "bomber" at ranges up to 650 km, the goal of the "fighter" on a range of 300 km, cruise missiles at a distance of up to 215 km, while the accompanying 300 aerial targets and inducing the target to 30 fighters. When this plane is able to detect and ground targets at a distance of 250 km. The plane's crew consists of five people, and 10-11 AWACS operators.
Currently, the Russian Air Force aircraft delivered A-50U. It is an upgraded version that has received a fully digital radio equipment and modernized complex. Improved detection performance targets in the rear hemisphere, as well as an opportunity to detect surface targets. The upgraded version has a lower weight, plenty of simultaneously tracked targets, as well as a high level of comfort for the crew. By plane appeared buffet with appliances and lounge crew.
KJ-200
Today about Chinese aircraft AWACS KJ-200 can not find much information. The aircraft developed from the beginning of the 2000s. The first time the aircraft flew in 2005, in 2010 for the first time appeared on the show, as a static exhibit. The plane is based on a military transport plane Y-8 (a licensed version of the Soviet An-12). PLA Navy and Air Force ordered the aircraft in accordance with the requirement to develop inexpensive AWACS aircraft.
KJ-200 aircraft is another concept of placing radio equipment on board the aircraft. Instead of 3 active phased arrays, which are located inside the triangle disk fairing over the fuselage (the same drive over the aircraft for which they are sometimes called "flying mushroom"), on the plane KJ-200 only 2 antennas that are mounted in the dorsal plane box-shaped container. This design has its drawbacks - the "dead" zone angle back and forth. Therefore, there is speculation that the fore and aft parts of the aircraft can be installed additional antennas.
The wingspan of the aircraft is 38 m, length - 34 m, height - 11.6 m aircraft can accelerate to the speed of 662 km / h and is in the air for about 10 hours. It is assumed that the airplane is equipped with AESA radar, established under the project GaoXin 5, which is located in the fairing over the central part of the fuselage. This radar is able to detect targets at a distance of 300-450 km. Currently, the aircraft has been released, but the exact number of units issued is difficult to call. Assessing available online photos can talk about armed China at least 3 such planes.
B737 AEW & C
Project AWACs B737 AEW & C takes its report in 2000, when the Ministry of Defence of Australia ordered its development from the American company Boeing. Its first flight the aircraft made in 2004. The Air Force Australia car was adopted in 2009. Currently, there are six such aircraft in the Air Force of Australia, still on 4 aircraft ordered Turkey (first delivered in early 2014) and South Korea (received at least one plane). Armed with these countries received their aircraft designation Wedgetail (Australia), Peace Eagle (Turkey) and the Peace Eye (South Korea).
The plane was designed on the basis of the passenger liner B737-700IGW. Initially, the aircraft was announced as a simplified version of the E-3 Sentry. Basic radar aircraft - it MESA (Multi-role Electronically Scanned Array, multipurpose electronic scanning area). It provides a viewing angle of 360 degrees. This radar is mounted on a pylon in the tail of the car. Radar able to track both air and surface targets. Range detection of air targets such as "Bomber" is 600 km, type "fighter" - 370 km, surface targets such as "frigate" - 240 km. The aircraft can simultaneously track up to 180 airborne targets, putting them 24 fighter. In addition to this aircraft is equipped with means of electronic intelligence that allow B737 AEW & C from a height of 9000 meters to locate the source of radio frequency radiation, located at a distance of 850 km.
Wingspan B737 AEW & C is 35.8 m, length - 33.6 m, height - 12.5 m Airplane able to reach speeds up to 850 km / h and overcome to 6500 km without refueling. The plane's crew consists of 2-3 people and 10 flight personnel AWACS operators, each operator is able to work with your group goals.
Sources of information:
http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/03/13/aewc
http://aviadejavu.ru/Site/Crafts/Craft20539.htm
http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-599.html
http://www.plam.ru/transportavi/vzly...009_11/p20.php
http://www.military-informant.com/in...37-kj-200.html
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/spy/b737.html
Author Sergey Yuferev
=====================================
Trit ini berbeda dengan trirt terdahulu yg lebih condong kepada penggiringan opini / pilihan pesawat AWACS sedangkan pada trit ini titik beratnya lebih ke aspek teknology dan aspek sejarah.
Untuk itu mohon maklum.
Salam..
The most common flying radars - AWACs
Today, 07:41
On March 12, NATO has sent to the borders of Ukraine 2 Fire AWACs - airborne early warning and control aircraft that were E-3A Sentry. E-3A cruising in the airspace of Romania and Poland, mainly in collecting information on the situation in Crimea. In total, the Alliance has in Europe 18 aircraft type E-3A Sentry, which are based on the German air base in Geilenkirchen registration under Luxembourg.
In Russia, such aircraft are called airplanes Airborne Warning and Control (AWACS), but overseas accepted their designation. There are usually called AWACS - Airborne EarlyWarning and Control System (airborne warning and control system) or AEW & C - Airborne Early Warning and Control (airborne early warning and control). Currently, 23 countries in the world have aircraft of this class, including Russia, USA, France, Great Britain, India, Israel, Thailand, Greece and others around the world has more than 230 aircraft in its class.
Most often AWACS aircraft are designed to collect information on air purposes but can also be used for detection of ground targets. Their main advantage is the high power installed on board radar equipment. With the help of such planes can obtain current information on all enemy aircraft without entering the zone of action of its air defense systems. Modern AWACS aircraft can detect and track airborne targets at a distance of up to 650 km, the number of such goals can reach hundreds of units. With these aircraft easy to coordinate actions of the Air Force and to provide timely information to his troops on the enemy.
Jobs AWACS aircraft operators A-50U
Today, only one AWACS plane, located at an altitude of 9000 meters, able to monitor an area of up to 312,000 sq km. For example, three U.S. aircraft E-3C is able to provide constant monitoring of all radar airspace over central Europe, with the detection zone of the aircraft will be mutually intersect. Using AWACS aircraft makes allied fighters less visible to the enemy, because they almost do not need to include your own onboard radar.
At the same time a very high efficiency of such aircraft makes them a priority target for enemy fighters. For this reason, these planes rarely fly without fighter cover or outside the allied air defense system. Such planes are very vulnerable to fighters, as performed on the basis of bulky airliners and military transport aircraft, which are not highly maneuverable and unable to effectively evade the missiles. Besides AWACS plane - is a powerful source of radio frequency radiation, wherein the huge size, so that such aircraft can be easily detected by enemy air defense radars. Below are the 5 most popular AWACS aircraft in the world at any given time.
E-2 Hawkeye
One of the oldest aircraft in this class in the world and one of the few machines that originally developed as AWACS aircraft. The aircraft was adopted by the U.S. Navy in 1964. Currently, the most common type in the world "flying radar." In all there were about 200 aircraft of this type. Aircraft Exported to 7 countries and managed to take part in a number of armed conflicts. Currently, aircraft are in service E-2C/D/K/T five countries - the U.S., France, Egypt, Taiwan and Japan. As part of their Navy and Air Force listed 92 such aircraft.
The most common version is the world's E-2C. The aircraft is able to reach a speed of 598 km / h When wingspan of 24.6 m, length - 17.5 m and height - 5.6 m equals its combat radius of 320 km. The aircraft can patrol the airspace for 4 hours. The plane's crew consists of five people: two pilots and three AWACS operator. His main weapon is a rotating antenna pulse-Doppler radar, which is mounted in the fairing, located over the rear part of the fuselage. Throughout the life of the aircraft continuously upgraded, allowing it to remain popular even 50 years after adopting.
Passive detection system installed on E-2C, warns the crew of enemy radar irradiation at a distance of 2 times superior range of radar E-2C. Aircraft able to detect air targets such as "plane" at a distance of up to 540 km, and cruise missiles at ranges of up to 248 km. First foreign customer aircraft became Israel. According to Soviet military specialists who took part in the fighting in 1982 on the side of Syria, namely the use of purchased in 1978 AWACS E-2C determined the success of the Israeli Air Force in the conflict.
At the moment is working on an improved version of the aircraft E-2D. U.S. Navy expect to take the plane into service in 2015, only the Pentagon expects to acquire 75 of these aircraft. All of them will receive the new APY-9 radar with active phased array antenna, as well as "glass" cockpit, integrated satellite communications, etc. Currently, several military aircraft have already been transferred, they undergo a series of benchmark tests.
E-3 Sentry
E-3 Sentry - is the real face of "flying radar." The aircraft, which will learn in many countries. Speaking about the AWACS, often represent this particular machine. Boeing has started working on this plane in the first half of the 1970s. The airplane was designed based on the existing cargo aircraft Boeing 707-320. Its first flight E-3 made in 1976, and the following year the car was adopted by the U.S. Air Force. As the prevalence of aircraft E-3 Sentry second only to its predecessor - E-2 Hawkeye. Total from 1977 to 1992 was released 68 of these types of aircraft. Their main operators are the U.S. Air Force (31 aircraft), European Command, NATO (18 aircraft), United Kingdom (7 aircraft), Saudi Arabia (5 aircraft), France (4 aircraft). As part of the UK Royal Air Force aircraft received a new designation - AEW.1. The same type of aircraft can be attributed Japanese E-767 AEW & C, which have been developed on the basis of the passenger liner B767, but with the use of radar equipment Sentry. Total armed self-defense forces of Japan is currently four such aircraft.
The most common flying radars - AWACs
E-3 Sentry is currently one of NATO AWACS aircraft. Basis set is very powerful AWACS radar Omnidirection. The antenna radome is placed at the top of the fuselage on two supports at a height of 4.2 m above it. Radome diameter 9.1 m, thickness - 1.8 m With this aircraft radar is able to detect targets over the horizon at a distance of 650 km, a bomber-type target - at a range of up to 520 km, small-sized low-flying targets at ranges up to 400 km. The plane's crew consists of 4 flight and 13-19 AWACS operators.
Wingspan machines - 44.42 m Length - 46.61 m, height - 12.73 m Aircraft E-3 Sentry is able to reach a speed of 853 km / h, and its combat radius is 1,600 km. When this plane is able to alert to 6 hours (without refueling). The latest upgrade of aircraft in service with the U.S. Air Force, was produced in 2009.
A-50
A-50 is a Soviet response to the American AWACS. AWACS aircraft A-50 was designed Taganrog Aviation Scientific-Technical Complex. Beriev. Development of the aircraft was in the mid-1970s. Russian "flying radar" is based on a common military transport aircraft Il-76MD. He first flew in 1978, and in 1989, the aircraft entered service. Total produced about 40 units. Currently 29 aircraft are in service A-50M/A-50U/A-50IE BBC Russia and India. In service with the Russian Air Force aircraft is 23 A and 3-50M aircraft A-50U, 3 more aircraft A-50IE serving in the Indian Air Force. The Indian version of the aircraft is based on radar Israeli company Elta.
AWACS aircraft A-50 with a wingspan of 50.5 meters, the length of 48.3 m and a height of 14.8 m in a position to operate at speeds up to 800 km / h Maximum flight duration 9:00, during patrol at a distance of 1000 km flight duration is 4:00. The plane was equipped with a pulse-Doppler radars installed in the fairing round shape of the fuselage of the aircraft. Aircraft able to detect targets such as "bomber" at ranges up to 650 km, the goal of the "fighter" on a range of 300 km, cruise missiles at a distance of up to 215 km, while the accompanying 300 aerial targets and inducing the target to 30 fighters. When this plane is able to detect and ground targets at a distance of 250 km. The plane's crew consists of five people, and 10-11 AWACS operators.
Currently, the Russian Air Force aircraft delivered A-50U. It is an upgraded version that has received a fully digital radio equipment and modernized complex. Improved detection performance targets in the rear hemisphere, as well as an opportunity to detect surface targets. The upgraded version has a lower weight, plenty of simultaneously tracked targets, as well as a high level of comfort for the crew. By plane appeared buffet with appliances and lounge crew.
KJ-200
Today about Chinese aircraft AWACS KJ-200 can not find much information. The aircraft developed from the beginning of the 2000s. The first time the aircraft flew in 2005, in 2010 for the first time appeared on the show, as a static exhibit. The plane is based on a military transport plane Y-8 (a licensed version of the Soviet An-12). PLA Navy and Air Force ordered the aircraft in accordance with the requirement to develop inexpensive AWACS aircraft.
KJ-200 aircraft is another concept of placing radio equipment on board the aircraft. Instead of 3 active phased arrays, which are located inside the triangle disk fairing over the fuselage (the same drive over the aircraft for which they are sometimes called "flying mushroom"), on the plane KJ-200 only 2 antennas that are mounted in the dorsal plane box-shaped container. This design has its drawbacks - the "dead" zone angle back and forth. Therefore, there is speculation that the fore and aft parts of the aircraft can be installed additional antennas.
The wingspan of the aircraft is 38 m, length - 34 m, height - 11.6 m aircraft can accelerate to the speed of 662 km / h and is in the air for about 10 hours. It is assumed that the airplane is equipped with AESA radar, established under the project GaoXin 5, which is located in the fairing over the central part of the fuselage. This radar is able to detect targets at a distance of 300-450 km. Currently, the aircraft has been released, but the exact number of units issued is difficult to call. Assessing available online photos can talk about armed China at least 3 such planes.
B737 AEW & C
Project AWACs B737 AEW & C takes its report in 2000, when the Ministry of Defence of Australia ordered its development from the American company Boeing. Its first flight the aircraft made in 2004. The Air Force Australia car was adopted in 2009. Currently, there are six such aircraft in the Air Force of Australia, still on 4 aircraft ordered Turkey (first delivered in early 2014) and South Korea (received at least one plane). Armed with these countries received their aircraft designation Wedgetail (Australia), Peace Eagle (Turkey) and the Peace Eye (South Korea).
The plane was designed on the basis of the passenger liner B737-700IGW. Initially, the aircraft was announced as a simplified version of the E-3 Sentry. Basic radar aircraft - it MESA (Multi-role Electronically Scanned Array, multipurpose electronic scanning area). It provides a viewing angle of 360 degrees. This radar is mounted on a pylon in the tail of the car. Radar able to track both air and surface targets. Range detection of air targets such as "Bomber" is 600 km, type "fighter" - 370 km, surface targets such as "frigate" - 240 km. The aircraft can simultaneously track up to 180 airborne targets, putting them 24 fighter. In addition to this aircraft is equipped with means of electronic intelligence that allow B737 AEW & C from a height of 9000 meters to locate the source of radio frequency radiation, located at a distance of 850 km.
Wingspan B737 AEW & C is 35.8 m, length - 33.6 m, height - 12.5 m Airplane able to reach speeds up to 850 km / h and overcome to 6500 km without refueling. The plane's crew consists of 2-3 people and 10 flight personnel AWACS operators, each operator is able to work with your group goals.
Sources of information:
http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/03/13/aewc
http://aviadejavu.ru/Site/Crafts/Craft20539.htm
http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-599.html
http://www.plam.ru/transportavi/vzly...009_11/p20.php
http://www.military-informant.com/in...37-kj-200.html
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/spy/b737.html
Author Sergey Yuferev
=====================================
Trit ini berbeda dengan trirt terdahulu yg lebih condong kepada penggiringan opini / pilihan pesawat AWACS sedangkan pada trit ini titik beratnya lebih ke aspek teknology dan aspek sejarah.
Untuk itu mohon maklum.
Salam..
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